| Data Description | Reference Sources | Comments |
|---|---|---|
| Structural Quantities | Price & Myers; DeQo; C.Scale; RASMI; others → Request info | Structural quantities by building type by structural system |
| Structural Material Carbon Intensities | EC3/Building Transparency; Okobaudat; Quartz; OpenImpact; CLF Material Baseline Report; Corrim; ICE; Aalborg University | Assume concrete density 2400 kg/m3 and timber density at 450 kg/m3 |
| PV Panel Lifecycle Emissions | de Wild-Scholten (2013) | Includes panel only (racks and cabling excluded) |
| Cladding Carbon Intensities | Payette's Kaleidoscope (2021)*; EC3/Building Transparency; C.Scale → Request info | Cladding, roofing, and glazing units. |
| Interior Fit-Out Carbon Intensities | CLF TI Study (2018); C.Scale → Request info | Data best describes commercial office fitouts |
| MEP System Carbon Intensities | CLF MEP Study (2018) | Data-scarce category |
| Hardscape Carbon Intensities | Carbon Conscience; EC3/Building Transparency; C.Scale Internal Data → Request info | Based on standard hardscape details |
| End-of-Life Emissions | EPA WARM; EC3/Building Transparency | In year 60 |
| Embodied Carbon Benchmark Values | Benke, B., Aurora J., Mel C., Simonen K., and Meghan Lewis. (2025). “The Embodied Carbon Benchmark Report.” Carbon Leadership Forum. Benke, B., Chafart, M., Shen, Y., Ashtiani, M., Carlisle, S., Simonen, K. A Harmonized Dataset of High-Resolution Embodied Life Cycle Assessment Results for Buildings in North America (buildings dataset) | Embodied Carbon results in C.Scale reference the CLF WBLCA Benchmark Study v2 results |
| Data Description | Reference Sources | Comments |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon Intensity of Electricity, 2023-2050 | Cambium 2023 (USA); ECCC (Canada); EEA (EU); Dep't for Energy Security and Net Zero (UK) | Includes AER and LRMER metrics across three grid scenarios: Midcase, High Cost Renewable Energy, 95% decarbonization by 2045 |
| Carbon Intensity of Electricity, 2051-2110 | Extrapolation algorithm by C.Scale | Extrapolate 2050 Cambium estimate using average annual decrease across 2023-2050 for each geography. Or, assume 2050 value remains constant. |
| Refrigerant Charge | Quantities from Rodriguez 2019 | Total refrigerant charge across all of a building's HVAC+R systems |
| Energy Use Intensity Benchmark Value | Zero Tool (North America); summary of EPC databases (EU and UK) | CBECS/RECS 2003 |
| % of EUI from onsite combustion | Zero Tool | CBECS/RECS 2003 |
| Solar Resource | PVWatts v8 | NREL Physical Solar Model |
| Energy Production from PV Array | PVWatts v8 | NREL PVWatts v8 |
| Hourly Load profiles | End-Use Load Profiles for the U.S. Building Stock | coming soon |
| Data Description | Reference Sources | Comments |
|---|---|---|
| Landscape Carbon Sequestration | Carbon Conscience; Pathfinder; McPherson and Simpson (1999); Ingram et al. (2016); Gu et al. (2015) | |
| Landscaping Maintenance Emissions | Carbon Conscience; Pathfinder; Jones (2010) (pdf) | |
| Biogenic Carbon Storage | CEN (2014). EN-16449: Wood and wood-based products - Calculation of the biogenic carbon content of wood and conversion to carbon dioxide Hoxha et al (2020). Biogenic carbon in buildings: a critical overview of LCA methods. Buildings and Cities,1(1) ACLCA, (2019). ACLCA Guidance to Calculating Non-LCIA Inventory Metrics in Accordance with ISO 21930:2017. ACLCA. | For timber structural elements. |
| Soil Organic Carbon | FAO GSOC | Used in calculation of emissions from greenfield development. |